Nice Epigenetic related Blogs

Epigenetic Blogs From Zymo
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gspread error:gspread.exceptions.SpreadsheetNotFound

Error message: Traceback (most recent call last):   File "read_google_sheet.py", line 20, in <module>     wks = gc.open_by_key("1jUJOlICOH6VnyuALdU2VAc_Ci_ZVwdW-xc5kr_qkJHY")   File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/gspread/client.py", line 113, in open_by_key     raise SpreadsheetNotFound gspread.exceptions.SpreadsheetNotFound Solved : In the json file, there is a "client_email". You need to share your file with this email. 
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Miniconda installation problem: concurrent.futures.process.BrokenProcessPool: A process in the process pool was terminated abruptly while the future was running or pending.

We got error message shown as below: [/home/omicsacademy/miniconda3] >>> PREFIX=/home/omicsacademy/miniconda3 Unpacking payload ... concurrent.futures.process._RemoteTraceback: ''' Traceback (most recent call last):   File "concurrent/futures/process.py", line 368, in _queue_management_worker   File "multiprocessing/connection.py", line 251, in recv TypeError: __init__() missing 1 required positional argument: 'msg' ''' The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception: Traceback (most recent call last):   File "entry_point.py", line 69, in <module>   File "concurrent/futures/process.py", line 484, in _chain_from_iterable_of_lists   File "concurrent/futures/_base.py", line 611, in result_iterator   File "concurrent/futures/_base.py", line 439, in result   File "concurrent/futures/_base.py", line 388, in __get_result concurrent.futures.process.BrokenProc
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转载：彻底搞清楚promoter, exon, intron, and UTR

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 • 启动子 : RNA 聚合酶特异性识别和结合的 DNA 序列。 • promoter 自然不属于 intron 和 Exon 的任何一个，属于 noncodingsequence 。         • noncoding  RNA 是现在研究的热点之一。我们常见的 MiRNA,SiRNA ,antisense RNA tech, 这些都是属于 ncRNA 的范围。只要你在进一步问下：这些 RNA 是哪里来的？你就知道部分答案，跟那些看似跟编码蛋白没有关系的 DNA 序列有关系。这部分 DNA 有个统称就 junk DNA ，垃圾ＤＮＡ或者冗余 DNA ，他们编码的 RNA 就属于  ncRNA . RNAi 就是迄今最经典的 ncRNA 功能典范。         • An  exon  is asequence of DNA that is expressed (transcribed) into RNA and then often, butwith many noteworthy exceptions[1] , translated into protein. Adjacent  exons  maybe separated by an  intron , which is later removed from the RNAtranscript via the splicing mechanism.  (From Wikipedia)         • UTR （ UntranslatedRegions) 即非翻译区，是信使 RNA （ mRNA ）分子两端的非编码片段。 　         • 5'-UTR 从 mRNA 起点的甲基化鸟嘌呤核苷酸帽延伸至 AUG 起始密码子， 3'-UTR 从编码区末端的终止密码子延伸至多聚 A 尾巴（ Poly-A ）的末端。    转录（Transcription）是遗传信息从DNA到RNA的转移。即以双链DNA中的一条链为模板，以ATP、CTP、GTP和UTP4种核苷三磷酸为原料，在RNA聚合酶催化下合成RNA的过程。 常见问题： 问： Promoter 在 DNA 序列中是算内含子还是外显子？ 答：都不是。 属于 noncoding sequen
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